JSP Custom Tags
JSP - Custom Tags
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In this chapter, we will discuss the Custom Tags in JSP. A custom tag is a user-defined JSP language element. When a JSP page containing a custom tag is translated into a servlet, the tag is converted to operations on an object called a tag handler. The Web container then invokes those operations when the JSP page's servlet is executed.
JSP tag extensions lets you create new tags that you can insert directly into a JavaServer Page. The JSP 2.0 specification introduced the Simple Tag Handlers for writing these custom tags.
To write a custom tag, you can simply extend SimpleTagSupport class and override the doTag() method, where you can place your code to generate content for the tag.
Create "Hello" TagConsider you want to define a custom tag named <ex:Hello> and you want to use it in the following fashion without a body −
<ex:Hello />To create a custom JSP tag, you must first create a Java class that acts as a tag handler. Let us now create the HelloTag class as follows −
package com.tutorialspoint; import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.*; import javax.servlet.jsp.*; import java.io.*; public class HelloTag extends SimpleTagSupport { public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException { JspWriter out = getJspContext().getOut(); out.println("Hello Custom Tag!"); } }The above code has simple coding where the doTag() method takes the current JspContext object using the getJspContext() method and uses it to send "Hello Custom Tag!" to the current JspWriter object
Let us compile the above class and copy it in a directory available in the environment variable CLASSPATH. Finally, create the following tag library file: <Tomcat-Installation-Directory>webapps\ROOT\WEB-INF\custom.tld.
<taglib> <tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version> <jsp-version>2.0</jsp-version> <short-name>Example TLD</short-name> <tag> <name>Hello</name> <tag-class>com.tutorialspoint.HelloTag</tag-class> <body-content>empty</body-content> </tag> </taglib>Let us now use the above defined custom tag Hello in our JSP program as follows −
<%@ taglib prefix = "ex" uri = "WEB-INF/custom.tld"%> <html> <head> <title>A sample custom tag</title> </head> <body> <ex:Hello/> </body> </html>Call the above JSP and this should produce the following result −
Hello Custom Tag! Accessing the Tag BodyYou can include a message in the body of the tag as you have seen with standard tags. Consider you want to define a custom tag named <ex:Hello> and you want to use it in the following fashion with a body −
<ex:Hello> This is message body </ex:Hello>Let us make the following changes in the above tag code to process the body of the tag −
package com.tutorialspoint; import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.*; import javax.servlet.jsp.*; import java.io.*; public class HelloTag extends SimpleTagSupport { StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(); public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException { getJspBody().invoke(sw); getJspContext().getOut().println(sw.toString()); } }Here, the output resulting from the invocation is first captured into a StringWriter before being written to the JspWriter associated with the tag. We need to change TLD file as follows −
<taglib> <tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version> <jsp-version>2.0</jsp-version> <short-name>Example TLD with Body</short-name> <tag> <name>Hello</name> <tag-class>com.tutorialspoint.HelloTag</tag-class> <body-content>scriptless</body-content> </tag> </taglib>Let us now call the above tag with proper body as follows −
<%@ taglib prefix = "ex" uri = "WEB-INF/custom.tld"%> <html> <head> <title>A sample custom tag</title> </head> <body> <ex:Hello> This is message body </ex:Hello> </body> </html>You will receive the following result −
This is message body Custom Tag AttributesYou can use various attributes along with your custom tags. To accept an attribute value, a custom tag class needs to implement the setter methods, identical to the JavaBean setter methods as shown below −
package com.tutorialspoint; import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.*; import javax.servlet.jsp.*; import java.io.*; public class HelloTag extends SimpleTagSupport { private String message; public void setMessage(String msg) { this.message = msg; } StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(); public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException { if (message != null) { /* Use message from attribute */ JspWriter out = getJspContext().getOut(); out.println( message ); } else { /* use message from the body */ getJspBody().invoke(sw); getJspContext().getOut().println(sw.toString()); } } }TAG标签：jsp Tutorials Learning Basi
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